The Coverage Ledger
Commercial Insurance & Reinsurance Intelligence
Step 4 · Wordings Library
The small print, translated into business consequences.
A structured reference for clauses that can expand, restrict, condition, or redirect commercial insurance cover—from property and construction to marine and market-wide exclusions.
Parties & recovery
Waiver of Subrogation
Restricts the insurer's right, after paying a claim, to recover from a specified party.
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Liability
Cross Liability
Treats insured parties as if each had a separate liability policy, subject to the shared limit.
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Construction & liability
Principal's Indemnity
Extends protection to a project principal for liability arising from the insured contractor's work.
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Limits
Automatic Reinstatement
Restores an exhausted material-damage limit after an insured loss, commonly in return for additional premium.
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Catastrophe
72-Hour Clause
Aggregates specified catastrophe losses occurring within a defined 72-hour period as one occurrence.
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Valuation
Average / Underinsurance
Reduces a claim proportionately when the insured value is below the value required by the policy.
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Valuation
Escalation Clause
Allows insured values to increase by an agreed percentage during the policy period.
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Property extensions
Debris Removal
Pays specified costs to remove insured debris after covered physical damage.
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Property extensions
Professional Fees
Covers reasonable architects', surveyors', engineers', or consultants' fees needed for insured reinstatement.
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Property conditions
Non-Invalidation
May protect an insured party when another party's act or omission would otherwise invalidate cover, if conditions are met.
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Administrative protection
Errors & Omissions
May preserve cover for an inadvertent administrative error or omission, subject to correction and premium payment.
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Claims expenses
Claims Preparation Costs
Pays agreed professional costs incurred to prepare and quantify an insured claim.
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Marine
Sue and Labour
Addresses reasonable measures taken to avert or minimise an insured marine loss.
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Marine
Institute Cargo Clauses
Standard market cargo wordings—commonly A, B, or C—with different covered-peril structures and exclusions.
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Market exclusions
Cyber Exclusions
Removes or restricts losses caused by cyber acts, incidents, data, systems, or technology failure.
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Market exclusions
Sanctions Exclusions
Limits cover or payment where providing insurance would expose a party to applicable sanctions or prohibitions.
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Market exclusions
Pollution Exclusions
Excludes or limits loss from pollutants, contamination, seepage, or environmental impairment.
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Market exclusions
Communicable Disease Exclusions
Excludes or limits loss connected with communicable disease, fear or threat of disease, or related authority action.
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Construction
LEG / DE Defects Clauses
Construction defects clauses allocate how much of the cost of defective design, material, or workmanship is excluded versus resulting damage.
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Construction
DSU / ALOP Conditions
Delay in Start-Up / Advance Loss of Profits covers agreed financial loss from project delay following insured physical damage.
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Conditions
Warranty Wording
A warranty imposes a specified continuing or time-bound obligation, with legal effect depending on the wording and jurisdiction.
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Important boundary
These are plain-language explanations of common market concepts, not standardised policy promises. Effect may depend on the precise wording, schedule, endorsements, facts, insurer, jurisdiction, and applicable law.